In which testing method does the tester design and execute tests concurrently?

Exploratory testing is characterized by the simultaneous design and execution of tests, allowing testers to explore the software and its functionalities more freely than in structured testing methods. In this approach, testers leverage their understanding of the application, apply their skills and creativity, and dynamically adjust their testing strategy based on their exploration and findings in real-time.

This concurrent activity is particularly advantageous because it allows testers to identify and investigate issues on the fly, making the testing effort more adaptive and often more efficient in uncovering defects that might not be discovered through pre-defined test cases. Unlike static testing, which involves reviewing documentation and code without executing the program, or dynamic testing, which typically requires prior test planning and scripted test cases, exploratory testing promotes a more spontaneous and intuitive form of interaction with the software.

Understanding this method's strength lies in its emphasis on tester engagement and thought processes, making it a valuable approach for certain projects, especially when requirements are transient or when time constraints are tight.